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  • Why Doesn't my Output Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Match my Input VMT?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . This problem usually occurs when the run specification does not include all possible vehicle and fuel types. MOVES internally allocates the input VMT to each of the source types and fuel types and only reports the VMT for the fuel…

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  • What does MOVES Assume for Future Year Fleet Fuel Efficiency and Emissions?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . MOVES reflects all fuel economy and emissions standards that were final as of the model release date. For a list of recent regulations accounted for in the most recent MOVES version, see the see the Overview of EPA’s Motor Vehicle…

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  • Will boiling my water help?

    No. Boiling water will NOT reduce nitrate levels. In fact, it will make the level of nitrate worse because some of the water will evaporate but the nitrate will not. This increases the concentration of nitrate in water.

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  • Are the NO Values in the MOVES Output Files Actually NO (Molecular Weight 30), or is the NO Expressed as NO2 (Molecular Weight 46)?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . The NO values in all versions of MOVES2014 (and MOVES2010b) output files are expressed as NO2 (molecular weight 46). HONO and NOx are also expressed in terms of NO2.

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  • Is it safe to shower or bathe in water if it is over the nitrate MCL of 10 mg/L?

    Nitrate is only a concern for ingestion (eating and drinking). It is not absorbed through your skin. People who install filter systems for nitrate often install them just for their kitchen sink faucet, and they use that faucet for their cooking and drinking water.

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  • What is EPA doing?

    EPA is working with its governmental partners and other stakeholders to investigate and address the issue. Most recently, EPA issued a letter to the state of Minnesota requesting a plan of action to address nitrate contamination in drinking water.

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  • What should I do if my water has elevated nitrates and/or exceeds the MCL?

    If nitrate exceeds the MCL of 10 mg/L, you should find a safe alternative drinking water supply. The quickest thing to do is to begin using bottled water for drinking. Another option is to install a treatment that will remove nitrate from your water such as reverse osmosis or a…

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  • Why is nitrate contamination a concern?

    Nitrate is an acute contaminant, meaning that health effects can occur immediately (I.e. within hours or days) of short-term exposure. Too much nitrate in your body makes it harder for red blood cells to carry oxygen. While most people recover quickly, this can be very dangerous for infants and some…

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  • How does MOVES Calculate CO2 and CO2 Equivalent Emissions?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . MOVES calculates the energy it takes to operate an onroad vehicle based on energy consumption rates as explained in the technical reports Greenhouse Gas and Energy Consumption Rates for Onroad Vehicles MOVES3 (pdf) (November 2020, EPA-420-R-20-015) and Exhaust Emission Rates…

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  • What is the Difference Between Extended Idling and Normal Idling? Is it Possible to get Distinct Idling Emission Output for any Vehicle Type? Can this be Done in the Emission Rate Mode, or only Inventory Mode?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . Extended idling is a distinct emission process defined as the overnight idling of long-haul trucks with sleeper cabs at truck stops and other locations during federally required downtime. During such idling periods, these engines experience unusual loads (televisions, air conditioning…

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  • How does MOVES Classify Light-Duty Trucks?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . There are two definitions used in MOVES for light duty trucks. The source use type light duty trucks (sourceTypeID values of 31 or 32) use the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) VM-1 definition of light duty vehicles used to report vehicle…

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  • Why Are There No Emissions for the Early and Late Hours of the Day for Certain Source Types?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . MOVES has no start emissions for the certain source types in certain hours of the day. While we know that a non-zero number of these source types do start late at night, our activity data on these trucks and buses…

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  • How do I have my drinking water tested in the future?

    Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) recommends you use an accredited laboratory to test your water. Contact an accredited laboratory to get sample containers and instructions or ask your county environmental or public health services if they provide well testing services. Accredited Labs in Minnesota Accepting Drinking Water Samples from Private…

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  • What is the Relationship Between Calendar Year, Model Year, and Age?

    See More Frequent Questions about MOVES and Related Models . Model year (modelYearID) corresponds to the year that a group of vehicles in the fleet was produced. Calendar year (yearID) is the analysis year as selected in the ‘Time Spans/Year’ panel of the MOVES GUI. For a given calendar year…

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  • How are people potentially exposed to nitrate?

    For many situations, the potential for children’s exposure from drinking water is medium to low. The potential can be higher when private wells become contaminated with nitrates from feed lot and agricultural runoff, and contaminated groundwater. Some geographic areas are at higher risk of drinking water contamination of private wells…

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